Table 2 Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of HEW in 10 DM and 12 MM patients

CK (U/L)

88.7 ± 24.3

106.1 ± 88.2

93.5 ± 45.0

99.5 ± 86.7

165 ± 86.6

120 ± 55.5

142.0 ± 69.4

221 ± 235

HbA1c (%)

6.23 ± 1.28

6.34 ± 1.55

6.27 ± 1.44

6.16 ± 1.28

6.09 ± 0.94

6.12 ± 1.05

6.06 ± 1.22

6.06 ± 1.02

Fasting glucose (mmol/L)

8.27 ± 3.62

7.81 ± 2.91

6.70 ± 2.11

6.48 ± 1.90

6.05 ± 1.43

5.67 ± 1.99

6.02 ± 1.46

6.11 ± 1.69

Lactate (mmol/L)

1.93 ± 0.78

1.81 ± 0.87

1.80 ± 0.89

1.65 ± 0.77

1.76 ± 0.67*

1.61 ± 0.48*

1.49 ± 0.49*

1.70 ± 0.57*

L/P ratio

13.1 ± 6.0

11.5 ± 2.6

12.1 ± 2.88

15.2 ± 8.3

18.7 ± 8.8

17.9 ± 7.7

7.12 ± 13.4

17.7 ± 8.6

Creatinine (μmol/L)

59.1 ± 15.6

59.1 ± 13.6

58.3 ± 15.0

59.0 ± 19.7

53.6 ± 18.3

52.0 ± 17.4

54.8 ± 20.3

57.5 ± 22.3

BUN (mmol/L)

5.36 ± 1.48

4.82 ± 1.57

5.78 ± 1.71

4.86 ± 1.56

6.08 ± 2.09

5.39 ± 1.54

6.24 ± 1.46

6.34 ± 2.76

Uric Acid (μmol/dL)

303 ± 88

320 ± 68

313 ± 75

321 ± 83

413 ± 316

375 ± 229

447 ± 387

408 ± 284

T-chol (mmol/L)

5.23 ± 0.78

5.15 ± 0.85

5.21 ± 0.61

4.95 ± 0.92

4.61 ± 0.78

4.80 ± 0.57

4.69 ± 0.78

4.68 ± 0.71

LDL-chol (mmol/L)

3.06 ± 0.82

2.93 ± 0.75

2.97 ± 0.80

3.03 ± 0.84

2.69 ± 0.68

2.82 ± 0.58

2.73 ± 0.67

2.79 ± 0.60

HDL-chol (mmol/L)

1.59 ± 0.48

1.56 ± 0.36

1.53 ± 0.47

1.43 ± 0.48

1.47 ± 0.04

1.55 ± 0.34

1.52 ± 0.34

1.45 ± 0.35

Triglycerides (mmol/L)

1.54 ± 0.65

1.83 ± 0.76

1.86 ± 0.80

1.85 ± 0.48

1.16 ± 0.58

0.92 ± 0.35

0.97 ± 0.36

1.02 ± 0.49

WBC (10⁹/L)

11.7 ± 6.4

10.9 ± 3.1

9.66 ± 2.68

11.2 ± 4.7

5.5 ± 0.1

5.7 ± 1.8

5.81 ± 1.78

5.8 ± 1.9

RBC (10¹²/L)

4.28 ± 0.05

4.32 ± 0.35

4.37 ± 0.44

4.35 ± 0.44

4.15 ± 0.04

4.17 ± 0.61

4.26 ± 0.67

4.15 ± 0.56

Platelets (10⁹/L)

271 ± 10

302 ± 69

306 ± 54

312 ± 79

203 ± 40

214 ± 44

216 ± 48

225 ± 50

Hematocrit (%)

0.380 ± 0.004

0.384 ± 0.040

0.392 ± 0.052

0.391 ± 0.047

0.373 ± 0.004

0.378 ± 0.060

0.386 ± 0.063

0.376 ± 0.058

MMP3 (ng/ml)

245 ± 122

232 ± 84.1

217 ± 93.5

221 ± 112

n.d.

n.d.

n.d.

n.d.

IgG (mg/dl)

1211 ± 357

1244 ± 305

1202 ± 340

1282 ± 353

n.d.

n.d.

n.d.

n.d.