Table 1 Mechanisms of protective effects of xenon preconditioning
From: Xenon preconditioning: molecular mechanisms and biological effects
Mechanisms underlying protective effect of xenon preconditioning | Organ protection |
|---|---|
Activation of PKC-ε isoform and p38 MAPK [16] | Cardioprotection |
HSP27 translocation, F-actin polymerization, activation of MAPKAPK-2, PKC and p38 MAPK [17] | Cardioprotection |
PKC-ε translocation, mitochondrial ATP dependent KATP channels, PDK-1 [18] | Cardioprotection |
ERK 1/2 [19] | Cardioprotection |
Phosphorylation of Akt and GSK-3β, preservation of mitochondrial function, and inhibition of Ca2+-induced MPT pore opening [20] | Cardioprotection |
ADNP transcription [21] | Neuroprotection |
Opening of plasmalemmal KATP channels [22] | Neuroprotection |
Plasma IL-1β reduction and hippocampal HSP72 increase [23] | Neuroprotection |
Renoprotection | |
Reduction in ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and NF-κB [27] | Protection on endothelial cells |
COX-2 activity [32] | Cardioprotection |
Enhanced phosphorylated cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein signaling [33] | Neuroprotection |
pCREB-regulated synthesis of proteins [34] | Neuroprotection |